The Functional medicine approach is a holistic approach to mental health care that focuses on understanding the underlying causes of depression. It looks at how lifestyle, diet, environment, genetics and other factors can affect one’s psychological wellbeing. Unlike traditional treatments that focus only on treating the symptoms of depression, functional medicine attempts to address the root causes in order to better protect and support an individual’s mental health. By taking a more holistic approach, functional medicine can provide effective strategies for improving overall emotional well-being.
Current PRACTICES OF Psychiatry
Conventional psychiatry is the field of medicine dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating mental health disorders. It is practiced by a variety of specialists including psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. The primary goal of conventional psychiatry is to reduce symptoms and improve overall functioning.
Conventional practices in psychiatry include diagnosis through psychological testing, evaluation of a patient’s medical history and physical exam, treatment using psychotherapy or medications (or both), and follow-up care. Diagnosis typically involves evaluating a patient for signs and symptoms related to particular mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorder among others. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may involve psychotherapy (including cognitive-behavioral therapy) or medications (antidepressants or antipsychotics). Follow-up care may involve regular monitoring of progress as well as adjusting medication dosages or therapies as needed.
In addition to these traditional treatments for mental illness, there are several other therapies used in conventional psychiatry that are less mainstream but have shown promise in improving outcomes for patients with mental health disorders. These practices include neurofeedback (a type of biofeedback that uses brainwave technology), mindfulness meditation techniques, nutritional interventions such as vitamin therapy or the elimination of certain foods from diet plans; exposure therapy; animal-assisted therapy; yoga; art therapy; music therapy; hypnotherapy; acupuncture; aromatherapy; acupressure; light/sound machines; guided imagery visualization exercises and more.
Overall the goal of conventional psychiatry is to provide comprehensive care to individuals suffering from mental illnesses by combining evidence-based treatments with newer interventions in order to provide the greatest relief possible for them.
Why Standard Psychiatry Sometimes Falls Short
Standard psychiatry often falls short when treating depression due to its reliance on a one-size-fits-all approach. This means that many of the tools used by psychiatrists, such as psychotropic medications, are not tailored to individual needs. These medications may be effective in some cases, but they don’t address the underlying causes of depression. Furthermore, psychiatrists often lack the time and resources necessary to give their patients the care and attention needed for successful recovery. Although psychiatrists can offer support and guidance, they cannot provide personalized treatment plans that take into account each patient’s unique circumstances and needs. As a result, depression may persist even after a course of medication or therapy has been completed. Additionally, some people find standard psychiatry too clinical or impersonal for their liking and may instead prefer alternative treatments such as lifestyle changes, talk therapy, yoga or art therapy. Ultimately, it is important to recognize that no single approach will work for everyone with depression; it is necessary to explore different options until an approach is found that best suits the individual’s needs.
The Conventional Treatment for Depression: Antidepressants
Conventional treatment for depression typically involves the use of antidepressants, which are medications designed to act on certain chemicals in the brain that affect mood. These medications work by either blocking the reabsorption of certain neurotransmitters (chemicals that transmit messages between neurons) or by increasing the activity of neurotransmitters. Common types of antidepressants include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). All of these medications may be prescribed alone or in combination with talk therapy and lifestyle adjustments in order to promote long-term mental health. It is important to note that while antidepressants can be effective at helping people manage symptoms of depression, they do not provide a cure and require ongoing management.
What is Functional Medicine Psychiatry?
Functional medicine psychiatry is a branch of psychiatry that focuses on the root cause of mental health issues and symptoms. It looks at the whole person — their physical, psychological, and social factors — as well as their lifestyle and environment to understand how they interact to affect mental health. It emphasizes holistic treatment approaches such as lifestyle changes, nutrition, exercise, mindfulness and other mind-body practices that aim to restore balance in the body for improved mental health.
10 Root Causes of Depression
Many scientific studies attribute the imbalance in the ratio of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in the brain as a root cause of serotonin receptor changes that are observed among patients with major depression and anxiety. Here are 10 common root causes of depression.
1. Genetic Predisposition:
Research suggests that some people may be predisposed to depression due to genetic factors, such as variations in certain brain chemicals or a family history of depression.
Functional medicine practitioners can test for genetic predisposition for depression and other mental health disorders. Genetic testing may involve looking at specific genetic markers that can indicate a greater risk of developing certain conditions like depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia and autism. Through this testing, functional medicine practitioners are able to gain insight into how genetic factors may be influencing an individual’s mental health.
2. Stressful Life Events:
Acute psychological stress and traumatic events and anxiety symptoms can trigger onset or worsening of depression in some individuals. Such events may include the death of a loved one, extreme financial pressures, loss of employment, divorce, or chronic illness.
Depression can be a difficult and debilitating experience that can have a negative impact on our mood, energy levels, and ability to perform daily activities. Fortunately, there are several healthy coping strategies that can help us manage our depression and improve our overall wellbeing.
First, it is important to recognize the signs of depression so that we can take action to address it as soon as possible. Common symptoms include persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness, irritability, difficulty concentrating or making decisions, changes in appetite or weight, insomnia or excessive sleepiness, fatigue or lack of motivation, social isolation or withdrawing from others, and physical pain such as headaches or stomach upset. Once we recognize these signs in ourselves or someone we care about, it is important to seek support from mental health professionals who are experienced in treating depression.
3. Chronic Unhappiness or Frustration:
Individuals who are stuck in long-term situations of unhappiness and frustration (such as a dead-end job with no prospect for advancement) may become depressed over time.
In addition to seeking professional help for our depression, there are many practical steps we can take every day to better cope with difficult feelings. Exercise is a great way to reduce stress and lift our mood; even a few minutes of stretching or walking can make a big difference. Writing in a journal allows us to express our feelings in an organized manner; this can also help identify patterns and triggers for depressive episodes. Regularly engaging in relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises and mindfulness meditation may also help alleviate anxiety levels associated with depression. Finally, connecting with supportive friends or family members can provide comfort during times of distress by helping us feel less isolated and more connected to the people around us.
Healthy coping strategies for managing depression play an important role in promoting emotional wellbeing. With the right tools and ongoing support from mental health professionals, we can learn how best to care for ourselves during difficult times and find ways to live healthier lives free from depression’s grip.
4. Social Isolation:
A lack of meaningful relationships and connections with others can contribute to feelings of loneliness and sadness which could lead to depression. Loneliness, Trauma, and Social Determinants of Health
Loneliness is a complex emotion that can lead to depression, and is often caused by trauma. Trauma can be defined as any experience involving physical or emotional pain or distress that leaves an individual feeling overwhelmed and unable to cope. This can lead to feelings of isolation, despair, low-self esteem, and other depressive symptoms. Research has demonstrated that loneliness can have both psychological and physical effects on the human body, with consequences such as increased levels of stress hormones, increased risk for health problems such as heart disease and stroke, decreased immune function, impaired cognitive performance, anxiety and depression.
In addition to the psychological effects of trauma and loneliness on individuals, there are also social determinants of health that play a role in depression and functional medicine. Social determinants such as poverty or racism can contribute to feelings of alienation or discrimination which may lead to depression or other mental health issues. Furthermore, social support networks can play an important role in helping individuals manage their mental illness; without them people often feel powerless against their own struggles with depression or other illnesses.
5. Hormones:
Fluctuations in hormones (e.g., during menstruation) can worsen the symptoms of depression in some individuals. In addition, thyroid problems can also lead to depression.
Testing for hormone imbalances can be an important part of understanding and treating depression in the field of functional medicine. Hormone imbalances can be caused by a variety of factors, such as stress, poor nutrition, environmental toxins, or even genetics. When it comes to depression, many hormones are involved in regulating our emotions and moods. Low levels of hormones like serotonin or melatonin can lead to depression. Other hormones that may be involved are cortisol (which regulates the body’s stress response), testosterone (which helps regulate energy levels), and estrogen and progesterone (which help regulate mood).
When testing for hormone imbalances associated with depression in functional medicine, practitioners might look at several different types of tests depending on the patient’s symptoms. Blood tests can measure hormone levels like cortisol, testosterone, estradiol and progesterone. Salivary tests might focus on hormones like melatonin or cortisol. Urine tests can measure metabolites of hormones like serotonin and dopamine. Finally, genetic testing may reveal underlying genetic factors that could be causing hormonal imbalances.
By analyzing results from these various tests for hormone imbalances, healthcare providers can get a better understanding of how hormones may be contributing to a patient’s depression. This information can then be used to create personalized treatment plans that address both the underlying cause as well as any lifestyle changes that need to be made in order to address the imbalance and ease symptoms.
6. Substance Abuse:
Drug abuse and alcohol abuse can both cause physical changes inside the brain that may lead to the development of depression .
Long-term substance abuse can interfere with the way neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, work within the brain. These neurotransmitters help regulate different aspects of mood, including happiness and pleasure. When they are disrupted, a person’s ability to experience positive emotions is compromised. Additionally, drug and alcohol use can cause inflammation in the brain which also plays a role in regulating emotion. Thus, long-term substance abuse can contribute to an imbalance of neurochemicals that may lead to depression.
7. Poor Nutrition:
Vitamin deficiencies or imbalances could indirectly influence the development of depression; likewise an unbalanced diet high in processed foods has been linked to low moods and depressive symptoms .When the brain has the right nutrients available, it’s better able to communicate and protect itself from damage which can negatively impact mood and wellbeing. Consider: Omega-3s from fish oil Magnesium Methylated B vitamins Vitamin D Research shows that children and adolescents with depression may also benefit from supplementation with omega-3s.
The Standard American Diet (SAD) is increasingly being linked to depression. Though specific causes vary from case to case, research suggests that the abundance of processed foods, refined sugars, and trans fats found in the SAD could be playing a significant role in mental health issues. The combination of these unhealthy ingredients can cause drastic changes in levels of serotonin and dopamine, two hormones known to influence mood and emotion. Additionally, they can disrupt digestion which has been shown to have a connection with mental health.
While the SAD is currently the norm for many Americans, it is important to note that it does not have to be this way. Eating more whole foods such as fruits, vegetables and healthy proteins can help improve mood symptoms associated with depression. It is also beneficial to limit sugar intake as too much can lead to an energy crash later on. Lastly, avoiding processed or fast food whenever possible can be beneficial as these foods are typically low in nutritional value but high in saturated fat and sodium which are not conducive for proper mental health.
8. Lack Of Exercise:
Regular exercise helps boost serotonin levels and is key for maintaining mental wellbeing; however those who do not get enough physical activity are at risk for developing depression .
The sedentary lifestyle, characterized by a lack of physical activity and exercise, has been linked to an increased risk of depression. Studies have shown that people who live a sedentary lifestyle are more likely to report levels of depression than those who lead an active lifestyle. The reason for this is thought to be due to the fact that physical activity releases chemicals in the brain known as endorphins which are associated with positive feelings and improved mental health. Additionally, regular exercise can also help people better manage stress and anxiety, both of which can contribute to the development of depression.
Having an active lifestyle doesn’t mean you need to train for a triathlon—simple activities such as taking a walk or going on a bike ride can be just as beneficial. Not only does engaging in physical activity provide a number of mental health benefits, but it can also provide long-term physical health benefits such as reduced risk for heart disease and other chronic illnesses.
If you find yourself leading a sedentary lifestyle and feeling depressed more often than not, try incorporating some form of physical activity into your daily routine. Doing so can help improve your mood and overall well-being while providing many additional long-term health benefits.
9. Sleep Problems:
Poor sleep habits (insomnia, sleeping too much etc.) can worsen existing symptoms of depression or even trigger their onset .
Sleep deprivation and artificial light exposure can be huge contributing factors to depression. Studies have shown that people who consistently don’t get enough sleep or are exposed to artificial light—such as blue light from electronics screens—are more likely to experience depression. Exposure to artificial light has been linked to lower levels of serotonin, a hormone linked with mood regulation, resulting in feelings of sadness or depression. Sleep deprivation also disrupts the body’s natural circadian rhythms, leading to fatigue and difficulty concentrating during the day, which can also contribute to depression. Additionally, lack of sleep can lead to increased levels of stress hormones like cortisol, which can further suppress serotonin production and cause depressive thoughts.
By reducing exposure to blue light from electronics screens and TVs at night, while increasing exposure to natural sunlight during the day, people can help balance their circadian rhythms and potentially reduce the risk of developing depression. Additionally, making sure you get enough quality sleep is essential for both physical and mental health. Ensuring that you have a set bedtime and wake time each day will help keep your body’s internal clock on track and make it easier for you to get quality rest.
10. Cognitive Distortions:
Negative thought patterns (e.g., assuming everything is worse than it actually is) can lead to negative emotions and feelings which could eventually contribute to clinical depression.
When it comes to cognitive distortions and negative thought patterns, Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are both effective treatments. DBT focuses on changing maladaptive patterns of behavior by helping individuals develop new skills for regulating their emotions. It also challenges cognitive distortions while developing acceptance of the individual’s thoughts and feelings. CBT, on the other hand, is aimed at replacing irrational or unhelpful thoughts with healthier thinking patterns. It encourages individuals to become more aware of their own thought processes and how they can be changed in order to reduce negative thought patterns or cognitive distortions. Both approaches have been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms related to depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, substance abuse, and eating disorders.
Environmental Factors
Environmental factors can have a major influence on the development of depression. In functional medicine, practitioners view environmental factors as a key factor in mental and physical health. According to functional medicine, environmental toxins, such as air pollution, chemical exposure, heavy metals, and environmental stressors can all contribute to depression. Additionally, an unhealthy lifestyle that includes poor nutrition and lack of exercise can also lead to depression.
By recognizing the role of environmental factors in mental health issues such as depression, functional medicine practitioners are better able to identify potential root causes and develop treatment plans that address the underlying problem rather than simply treating symptoms. For instance, if a patient is exposed to air pollution or other environmental toxins then steps may be taken to reduce exposure or improve air quality in order to reduce symptoms of depression. Similarly, nutritional deficiencies may be corrected through dietary changes and supplementation if necessary. Exercise may also be recommended since it has been linked to improved mood and reduced risk of developing depressive symptoms. By taking an integrative approach with both lifestyle changes and conventional treatments if needed, functional medicine practitioners are able to provide effective treatment for depression that takes into account environmental factors.
Comprehensive and Sensitive Testing
Comprehensive testing is an important part of diagnosing and treating depression and other mental health disorders utilizing functional medicine. Comprehensive testing, which involves a variety of tests to rule out physical causes, can offer insight into the underlying physiological reasons for symptoms of depression. Depending on a person’s individual situation, comprehensive testing might include blood work to look for metabolic imbalances or hormone levels, brain imaging such as an MRI to rule out any structural abnormalities, EEG testing to measure brain activity, and genetic testing to determine any underlying genetic predispositions.
In addition to physical tests, psychological assessments are often included in comprehensive testing for depression. These assessments aim at evaluating current symptoms and uncovering past experiences that may affect current functioning. Other types of assessments that may be used are cognitive assessments that assess thinking ability and personality assessment which assess the patient’s overall character traits and how they interact with their environment.
By using comprehensive testing for depression combined with functional medicine, more effective treatment plans can be created to effectively reduce symptoms associated with depression. By addressing both the psychological and physiological components of depression, many individuals experience improved quality of life from engaging in treatments prescribed by a qualified medical professional.
Testing for Heavy Metals
Testing for heavy metals is an important component of functional medicine when it comes to diagnosing and treating depression. Heavy metal toxicity can be a contributing factor to depression, as heavy metals like lead, mercury, and arsenic can impact brain function and cause neurological imbalances that lead to depressive symptoms.
Heavy metal testing involves collecting and analyzing urine or blood samples in order to detect the presence of potentially toxic concentrations of heavy metals in the body. If these tests indicate that a patient has been exposed to high levels of heavy metals, then further steps can be taken to identify the source of the exposure and begin treatment accordingly.
In functional medicine, heavy metal testing is used as one tool among many for addressing depression. In addition to testing for toxic metals, other areas such as hormone imbalances, nutrient deficiencies, lifestyle factors, and food sensitivities may also be explored in order to identify potential underlying causes of depression. Treatment plans may include dietary changes and supplementation with vitamins and minerals which have been shown to help reduce symptoms associated with depression. Detoxification protocols may also be recommended in some cases in order to help clear the body of excess toxins including heavy metals. By taking a comprehensive approach towards diagnosis and treatment, functional medicine practitioners are able to provide more personalized care that takes into account the unique needs of each patient suffering from depression.
Testing for Micronutrient Deficiencies
Testing for micronutrient deficiencies can be an important step in determining the cause of depression. It is important to identify any underlying issues that could contribute to the symptoms of depression. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as those in vitamins B6 and B12, iron, or magnesium, can lead to a variety of mental health issues including depression. Testing for these deficiencies involves taking a blood sample which will then be analyzed for levels of each nutrient. Low levels indicate a deficiency and further testing may be needed to determine if there is a specific deficiency causing the depression. Treatment options may include supplementing with vitamins and minerals to obtain optimal levels. A variety of other tests may also need to be done depending on the individual case, such as hormone tests or genetic tests. It is important that all possible causes are considered when treating depression as micronutrient deficiencies are often overlooked by doctors and can have a significant effect on mental health.
Having a Gut Feeling
Having a gut feeling can be an important symptom to pay attention to when looking at a situation in terms of functional medicine. The gut is home to billions of microorganisms, also known as the microbiome. These gut microbiota is responsible for many processes in the body, including digestion, mental health, and immune system functioning. Many studies have linked an imbalance in the gut microbiome with depression, suggesting that having a healthy gut can play an important role in managing depression. Additionally, functional medicine looks at the whole person when treating depression, rather than just focusing on managing symptoms. By understanding the connection between one’s physical health and mental health, functional medicine practitioners are better able to identify potential underlying causes of depression such as nutrient deficiencies or digestive issues that can be addressed with dietary and lifestyle modifications. Paying attention to your gut feeling can help you recognize any changes in appetite or energy levels that could be indicative of an underlying condition that requires further investigation from a functional medicine practitioner. Ultimately by paying attention to your gut feeling, you will be able to take charge of your own wellbeing and maximize your chances of overcoming depression through a holistic approach that takes your physical health into account.
Testing for Food Sensitivities
Testing for food sensitivities is an important part of functional medicine and can be beneficial for those suffering from depression. The standard approach to treating depression typically includes medications, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes such as exercise and diet modification. With functional medicine, practitioners utilize a more holistic approach, looking at the entire body as a whole system and assessing the imbalances that may contribute to depression. Food sensitivities can play a role in a person’s mental health and can be difficult to detect without proper testing.
Testing for food sensitivities involves identifying how different foods affect your body and determining which ones are causing inflammation or triggering an immune response in your body. This type of testing can reveal potential dietary intolerances or allergies that may be contributing to an individual’s depression symptoms. An elimination diet is often prescribed first before any tests are performed in order to reduce inflammation in the body and determine which foods may need further investigation. Common tests used to detect food sensitivities include IgG antibody tests, which measure antibodies produced by the immune system in response to particular foods; PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing used to identify DNA fragments from certain foods; or skin prick tests which help identify allergy-causing substances leading to potential food intolerances or allergies.
By uncovering any potential food sensitivities or intolerances underlying depression symptoms, practitioners can create treatment plans tailored specifically for each individual patient based on their test results. For those suffering from depression, having access to this deep level of personalized care has the potential to significantly improve symptoms and overall well-being.
Change Your Diet
Functional medicine provides an individualized approach to nutrition that can help those suffering from depression. One of the primary diet changes recommended by functional medicine practitioners is to reduce or eliminate processed foods, including carbohydrates and refined sugars, and instead focus on eating nutrient-dense whole foods. Many nutrients can alleviate depression and support optimal brain health, including omega-3 fatty acids and 5-HTP. I suggest working with an integrative practitioner to customize a nutrient program that works for you. This includes increasing the consumption of fresh vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, healthy fats like olive oil and fish oil supplements, and lean proteins such as egg whites and fish. Additionally, eating fermented food such as yogurt or sauerkraut can also help improve gut health which in turn supports a healthier mood.
Functional medicine practitioners may also recommend supplementing with omega-3 fatty acids to help improve symptoms of depression. Omega-3s are good sources for essential fatty acids that help promote healthy brain function and development. Additionally, incorporating probiotics into a diet plan can also help improve mental health by reducing inflammation throughout the body.
Finally, increasing water intake is another important step in helping manage symptoms of depression. Dehydration can cause feelings of fatigue that can lead to decreased motivation and further exacerbating depression symptoms. Drinking more water helps keep the body hydrated and improves mental clarity which in turn helps one stay positive during difficult times.
6 Integrative and Internal Medicine Strategies to Heal the Mind
1. Mindfulness-based stress reduction;
2. Cognitive-behavioral therapy;
3. Nutrition therapy;
4. Acupuncture and other forms of energy medicine;
5. Herbal and nutritional supplements;
6. Exercise programs, such as yoga, tai chi, and qigong.
Functional Medicine Treatment Options for Depression
Functional medicine is an approach to treating depression that focuses on the underlying causes of the condition and the body’s systems. This form of treatment looks at the connection between physical health, mental health, and environmental factors to address a person’s overall well-being.
Some functional medicine treatment options for depression may include lifestyle modifications such as exercise, dietary changes, stress reduction techniques like meditation and yoga, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Additionally, natural supplements including omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, vitamins B6 and B12, St. John’s Wort, and 5-HTP can help balance brain chemistry and reduce symptoms of depression. Herbal remedies such as kava root, ashwagandha root extract, Rhodiola rosea extract, and lavender essential oil are also known to provide relief fromdepressive symptoms.
In addition to these measures for managing depression on a daily basis, functional medicine physicians can also use diagnostic tests to identify food sensitivities or nutrient deficiencies that may be contributing to depression. Treatment plans are tailored according to individual needs by taking into account a person’s physical health history as well as any medications they may currently be taking.
Functional medicine provides a holistic approach to treating depression that can help individuals cope with their symptoms in order to lead healthier lives.
Adopt Healthy Lifestyle Interventions
Adopting healthy lifestyle interventions is an effective way to help prevent depression. Healthy lifestyle interventions can include various activities such as regular exercise, eating a balanced diet, getting enough sleep, and participating in leisure activities. Regular exercise has been proven to be beneficial for mental health. It helps reduce stress and anxiety and also releases endorphins which are hormones that make us feel good. Eating a balanced diet ensures that our bodies get the nutrients they need to function properly and can help reduce symptoms of depression. Getting adequate amounts of sleep is important for both our physical and mental health, as it helps us stay energized throughout the day and reduces stress levels. Lastly, leisure activities such as taking up a new hobby or volunteering can be great ways to combat feelings of loneliness or worthlessness which are common with depression. Overall, adopting healthy lifestyle interventions is an excellent way to help prevent depression and cultivate well-being.
Frequently Asked Questions
Question: What is the chemical imbalance theory?
Answer: The chemical imbalance theory is a theory that suggests mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, are caused by an imbalance in the brain’s naturally occurring chemicals (neurotransmitters). This theory states that when certain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, become imbalanced or depleted, an individual can experience negative emotions or behaviors. Research has shown that the use of antidepressants may help to correct this chemical imbalance and alleviate the symptoms of mental health disorders.
Question: How is Post Partum Depression different than depressive disorder?
Answer: Postpartum depression is a form of depression that women may experience after childbirth. It is different than depressive disorder in that postpartum depression typically occurs during the first few months after giving birth, whereas depressive disorder can occur at any time and does not necessarily need to be associated with pregnancy or childbirth. Postpartum symptoms can include sadness, anxiety, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, reduced interest in activities, body aches and pains, poor sleeping patterns and low self-esteem. These symptoms can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months after delivery. Depressive disorder includes many of these same symptoms but may also contain suicidal ideation or behavior changes.
